Absence of Large Reptiles in Cold Climates: Explained

Introduction: The Mystery of Missing Large Reptiles

One of the most striking features of reptile distribution is the absence of large reptiles in cold climates. While there are some exceptions, such as crocodiles living in the tropics, most large reptiles such as monitor lizards and pythons are found in warm regions. This has puzzled scientists for many years, as there are plenty of prey and other resources in cold climates, and reptiles can be found at high latitudes. So why are there no large reptiles in these regions?

The Role of Temperature in Reptile Physiology

Reptiles are ectothermic, which means that their body temperature is regulated by the environment. This makes them extremely sensitive to changes in temperature, and they need to find ways to maintain a stable body temperature. Temperature affects almost every aspect of reptile physiology, including metabolism, digestion, reproduction, and immune function. In general, reptiles are most active and have the highest metabolic rates at temperatures that are close to their optimal body temperature. If their body temperature drops too low, they become sluggish and may even become inactive. If their body temperature rises too high, they may become overheated and suffer from heat stress.