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Dogs similar to Rottweilers can still be seen on ancient Roman bas-reliefs and frescoes, but it is generally accepted that the breed originates in Germany in the 18th century, and specifically in the city of Rottweil, from which the breed got its name.
The first Rottweilers, as now, were versatile dogs. They drove cattle, carried carts with luggage, served in the army (according to some reports, they even participated in the Seven Years' War of 1756-1763), guarded houses.